| Vol-3959 urn:nbn:de:0074-3959-X Copyright © 2025 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2025 for the volume as a collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

# REFSQ 2025
REFSQ Co-Located Events 2025

### Joint Proceedings of REFSQ 2025 Workshops, Doctoral Symposium, Posters & Tools Track, and Education and Training Track
co-located with 31st International Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ 2025)

### Barcelona, Spain, April 7-10, 2025.

Edited by

### Anne Hess 1
Angelo Susi 2
Eduard C. Groen 3
Marcela Ruiz 4
Muhammad Abbas Khan 5
Fatma Başak Aydemir 6
Maya Daneva 7
Renata Guizzardi 8
Jens Gulden 9
Andrea Herrmann 10
Jennifer Horkoff 11
Sylwia Kopczyńska 12
Patrick Mennig 13
Marc Oriol 14
Elda Paja 15
Anna Perini 16
Alexander Rachmann 17
Kurt Schneider 18
Laura Semini 19
Paola Spoletini 20
Andreas Vogelsang 21

1 Technische Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt (THWS), Germany
2 Software Engineering Unit, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Digital Industry Center, Italy
3 Fraunhofer IESE, Germany
4 Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland
5 RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden
6 Utrecht University, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
7 University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
8 University of Twente, The Netherlands
9 Utrecht University, CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
10 Herrmann & Ehrlich, Germany
11 Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, Sweden
12 Poznan University of Technology, Poland
13 Fraunhofer IESE, Kaiserslautern, Germany
14 Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
15 IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark
16 Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
17 Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Krefeld, Germany
18 Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany
19 Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Informatica, Italy
20 Kennesaw State University, United States
21 University of Cologne, Germany

## Table of Contents

- Preface
  Summary: These are the Joint Proceedings of the REFSQ 2025 Workshops, Doctoral Symposium, Posters & Tools Track, and Education and Training Track.

### Session 1: International Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Requirements Engineering (NLP4RE)

- Preface: 8th Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Requirements Engineering (NLP4RE'25)
  Muhammad Abbas Khan, Fatma Başak Aydemir, Marc Oriol
- Open Challenges in NLP for NFRs: A Focus on Semantics, Generalization, and Interpretability
  Rrezarta Krasniqi
- From Inductive to Deductive: LLMs-Based Qualitative Data Analysis in Requirements Engineering
  Syed Tauhid Ullah Shah, Mohamad Hussein, Ann Barcomb, Mohammad Moshirpour
- Low-Level Hardware Requirement Classification Using Large Language Models: Challenges, Insights, and Future Directions for Embedded Control Systems
  Ekrem Bilgehan Uyar, Ali Ergin Gürsoy, Cemil Gökçe, Tuğba Taşkaya Temizel
- Mining App Reviews for User Feedback Analysis in Requirements Engineering: A Project Report
  Quim Motger, Marc Oriol, Max Tiessler, Xavier Franch, Jordi Marco
- Evaluating the Capabilities of LLMs in Traceability Maintenance for Automotive System and Software Requirements
  Vibhashree Hippargi, Erik Kamsties, Jürgen Naumann

### Session 2: International Workshop on Creativity in Requirements Engineering (CreaRE)

- Preface: Twelfth International Workshop on Creativity in Requirements Engineering (CreaRE 2025)
  Maya Daneva, Andrea Herrmann, Kurt Schneider, Patrick Mennig
- How reliance on GenAI might limit human creativity and critical thinking in Requirements Engineering
  Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel
- An Experience Report on Leveraging LLMs for GUI Generation: Automating Coding to Prioritise Creativity
  Giovanna Broccia, Alessandro Borselli, Maria Rosaria Cefaloni, Franco Delcorno, Alessio Ferrari
- Choosing a Creativity Technique for Requirements Elicitation: an updated framework
  Luisa Mich

### Session 3: International Workshop on Virtues and Values in Requirements Engineering (ViVaRE!)

- Preface to ViVaRE! '25: Workshop on Virtues and Values in Requirements Engineering
  Alexander Rachmann, Jens Gulden

### Session 4: 6th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Artificial Intelligence (RE4AI'25)

- Preface: The 6th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Artificial Intelligence (RE4AI'25)
  Renata Guizzardi, Jennifer Horkoff, Anna Perini

### Session 5: Doctoral Symposium

- Preface: REFSQ 2025 Doctoral Symposium
  Elda Paja, Andreas Vogelsang
- Actionable open-source intelligence architecture for cold case investigations
  Swikar Bhandari
- Refactoring in Requirements Engineering: Exploring a methodology for formal verification of safety-critical systems
  Oisín Sheridan

### Session 6: Posters and Tools Track

- Preface: REFSQ 2025 Posters and Tools Track
  Sylwia Kopczyńska, Laura Semini
- Hanfor: Requirements Formalisation and Beyond
  Nico Hauff, Elisabeth Henkel, Tobias Kolzer, Vincent Langenfeld, Andreas Podelski
- RE-Miner 2.0: A Holistic Framework for Mining Mobile Application Reviews
  Max Tiessler, Quim Motger
- AI-SQUARE: Knowledge Graphs for Requirements-driven Software Staging Management
  David Mosquera, Marcela Ruiz, Olivier Mann, Makram Hanin
- Requirements Elicitation for Prototype-driven AI Engineering: a Case Study in Police Report Generation
  Martijn van Vliet, Wouter Westerkamp, Sjaak Brinkkemper, Sergio España

### Session 7: Education and Training Track

- Preface: Education and Training Track @REFSQ
  Fatma Başak Aydemir, Paola Spoletini
- Challenges of Requirements Engineering Education in Higher Education: Insights from an Interview Study with Educators in Switzerland
  Anthea Moravánszky
- Toward Threshold Concepts for Teaching Requirements Engineering in Higher Education
  Marian Biekart, Fabiano Dalpiaz
- Bridging the Communication Gap — A Pilot Course on Interdisciplinary Requirements Engineering
  Anne Catherine Gieshoff, Marcela Ruiz, Martin Schuler, Michael Wahler
- Teaching Requirements Engineering to Robotics Students Through Reverse Engineering: An Experience Report
  Jeshwitha Jesus Raja, Shaza Elbishbishy, Jennifer Brings, Marian Daun

2025-03-14: submitted by Andrea Herrmann, metadata incl. bibliographic data published under Creative Commons CC0
2025-05-11: published on CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073) |valid HTML5|