| Vol-4074 urn:nbn:de:0074-4074-x Copyright © 2025 for the individual papers by the papers' authors. Copyright © 2025 for the volume as a collection by its editors. This volume and its papers are published under the Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

# HHAI-WS 2025
Proceedings of HHAI 2025 Workshops

### Proceedings of the Workshops at the Fourth International Conference on Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence
co-located with the Fourth International Conference on Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence (HHAI 2025)

### Pisa, Italy, June 9-10, 2025.

Edited by

### Davide Dell'Anna 1
Gizem Gezici 2
Giulio Rossetti 3

1 Utrecht University, Department of Information and Computing Sciences, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
2 Scuola Normale Superiore, Department of Computer Science, 56126 Pisa, Italy
3 ISTI-CNR – National Research Council of Italy, CNR Institute for Computer Science, 56124 Pisa, Italy

## Table of Contents

- Preface
  Summary: There were 110 papers submitted for peer-review to the workshops. Out of these, 49 papers were accepted for this volume, 20 as regular papers and 29 as short papers. 1–3

### Supporting Human Behaviors Using AI Technology: State of the Art, Challenge and Research Agenda

- Supporting Human Behaviors Using AI Technology: State of the Art, Challenge and Research Agenda (Preface) 4–5
  Charlotte Gerritsen, Bart Kamphorst, Michel Klein
- From Practice to Nudge: A Hybrid Intelligence Framework for Instructional Decision Support 6–11
  Alex Liu, Shawon Sarkar, Lief Esbenshade, Victor Tian, Kevin He, Zachary Zhang, Min Sun
- Interactive Explanations to Resolve Misalignments in Behaviour Support Agents 12–17
  Johanna Wolff, Victor de Boer, Dirk Heylen, M. Birna van Riemsdijk
- Healed by Code: Hybrid Intelligence, Digital Grief, and the Ethics of Posthuman Bereavement Support-A Digital Humanities Study 18–22
  Richa Mishra
- Reducing Carbon Intensity in Household Electricity Consumption through Intelligent Decision Support 23–28
  Michel C.A. Klein
- Designing to Minimise Rather than Maximise Dependence on Behaviour Change Technologies 29–36
  Lize Alberts

### AILS 2025: The First Workshop on AI, Labour and Society

- AILS 2025: The First Workshop on AI, Labour and Society (Preface) 37–38
  Fosca Giannotti, Guglielmo Meardi, Mario Pianta, Clara Punzi
- Bridging Law and Code in Algorithmic Management: Empowering Worker Rights Through Transparency and Portability 39–55
  Giorgio Pedrazzi
- AI-augmented Collaboration in Crowdsourcing: Threats and Opportunities 56–66
  Ramon Chaves, Daniel Schneider, Jano Moreira de Souza, Hesam Mohseni, António Correia
- LLMs and the Public Arena: a Threat to Democracy? Insights from Italian Journalism 67–82
  Riccardo Corsi
- Multi-Agent System for Policy-Making Support: Initial Implementation of the Data Exploration LLM-RAG Agent 83–88
  Ilija Kamenko, Dragan Kukolj, Dubravko Culibrk

### Frictional AI 2025: The Second Workshop on Stimulating Cognitive Engagement in Hybrid Decision-Making: Friction, Reliance and Biases

- Frictional AI 2025: The Second Workshop on Stimulating Cognitive Engagement in Hybrid Decision-Making: Friction, Reliance and Biases (Preface) 89–89
  Chiara Natali, Mohammad Naiseh, Brett M. Frischmann
- Frictional AI in Joint Cognitive Systems: Towards a Human-Centered Approach at Higher Levels 90–97
  Andrea La Rosa, Andrea Beretta
- How to Measure Cognitive Engagement in Machine-Assisted Decision-Making? 98–109
  Simon W.S. Fischer, Hanna Schraffenberger
- Frictions in the Cyber-Creative Process: the DA VINCI Model and Method 110–116
  Mario Mirabile, Angela Faiella, Giovanni Emanuele Corazza
- How do Levels of Automation in AI-Assisted Decision-Making Influence Cognitive Engagement? 117–123
  Linus Holmberg, Maria Riveiro, Tom Ziemke
- Judicial Protocols in Diagnostic AI: Contrastive Explanations to Preserve Human Agency 124–131
  Caterina Fregosi, Chiara Natali, Federico Cabitza
- Friction, Flow, and the Potential Deskilling Effect of Vibe Coding 132–138
  Leslye Denisse Dias Duran
- A Philosophical Approach to Judicial AI: The Role of Judgment in The Decision-Making Process 139–145
  Ilaria Iannuccilli

### HHAI-KEML 2025: The 1st Workshop on Informing ML with Knowledge Engineering for Hybrid Intelligent Systems

- HHAI-KEML 2025: The 1st Workshop on Informing ML with Knowledge Engineering for Hybrid Intelligent Systems (Preface) 146–147
  Shreya Banerjee, Atriya Sen
- A Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Technique for Speech Emotion Detection using Feature Engineering 148–164
  Shahana Yasmin Chowdhury, Bithi Banik, Md Tamjidul Hoque, Shreya Banerjee
- Synthetically generated proofs in Propositional Logic and Language Model reasoning performance 165–171
  Anthony Marchiafava, Atriya Sen, Justin Moua
- An Investigation into the Understanding and Reasoning Capabilities of LLMs for Legal Statute Identification 172–180
  Shounak Paul, Rohit Kumar Prajapati, Pawan Goyal, Saptarshi Ghosh
- Constructing Agent Brains Using Large Language Modeling and Applications in Natural Language Processing 181–186
  Soheil Saneei, Shreya Banerjee
- Natural Language to SVG Generation by Enforcing Constraints through Reinforcement Learning 187–194
  Henry Fordjour Ansah

### IAIL 2025: the 4th International Workshop on Imagining the AI Landscape After the AI Act

- AIL 2025: the 4th International Workshop on Imagining the AI Landscape After the AI Act (Preface) 195–196
  Lorenzo Mannocci, Francesca Naretto, Francesca Pratesi, Roberta Savella
- Futurity as Infrastructure: A Techno-Philosophical Interpretation of the AI Lifecycle 197–209
  Mark Coté, Susana Aires
- Responsible AI in Healthcare: Managing Medical Data under the GDPR and AI Act 210–229
  Isabel Piedrahíta-Vélez, Ulises Cortés, Atia Cortés

### LSAI 2025: 2nd Workshop on Law, Society and Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary perspectives on AI safety

- LSAI 2025: 2nd Workshop on Law, Society and Artificial Intelligence: Interdisciplinary perspectives on AI safety (Preface) 230–231
  Vincenzo Calderonio, Vittoria Caponecchia, Giuseppe Colavito, Andrea Failla, Federico Mazzoni, Monique Munarini, Marco Sanchi, Giuseppe Pisano
- Hybridizing Educational Assessment: a Theoretical Model from Judicial Science 232–239
  Giannangelo Boccuzzi, Alberto Nicoand Flavio Manganello
- The AI system Definition under the AI Act, a New Nomen Rosae? 240–250
  Arianna Rossi, Francesca Gennari, Ilaria Fagioli, Alessandro Mazzarini, Fabrizio Moncelli, Denise Amram, Simona Crea, Andrea Parziale
- HH4AI: A Methodological Framework for AI Human Rights Impact Assessment under the EU AI Act 251–263
  Paolo Ceravolo, Ernesto Damiani, Maria Elisa D’Amico, Bianca de Teffé Erb, Simone Favaro, Samira Maghool, Simone La Porta, Lorenzo Maria Ratto Vaquer, Lara Mauri, Nannerel Fiano, Paolo Gambatesa, Niccolò Panigada, Marta A. Tamborini
- LLMs for Democratisation: Risks and Opportunities 264–268
  Marco Lippi, Erik Longo, Simone Marinai, Giuseppe Mobilio

### Mind the AI-GAP 2025: Co-Designing Socio-Technical Systems

- Mind the AI-GAP 2025: Co-Designing Socio-Technical Systems (Preface) 269–270
  Costanza Alfieri, Eleonora Cappuccio, Donatella Donati, Miriam Felici, Marta Marchiori Manerba, Benedetta Muscato, Clara Punzi, Beatrice Savoldi
- Ageism in AI. Some juridical suggestions pursuing participatory strategies 271–281
  Lisandra Suárez Fernández, Francesca Caroccia
- AI for Abolition? A Participatory Design Approach 282–293
  Carolyn Wang, Avriel Epps, Taylor Ferrari, Ra Ames
- Designed to exclude? Investigating visual ageism and sexism in text-to-image AI generative models 294–309
  Gianluca De Ninno, Beatrice Melis, Francesca Belotti
- From inclusion to illusion: the pitfalls of ethicswashing in Participatory AI practices 310–323
  Riccardo Corsi, Beatrice Melis, Gianluca De Ninno, Tiziana Nupieri
- Prompt-based Bias Control in Large Language Models: A Mechanistic Analysis 324–337
  Maria Cassese, Giovanni Puccetti, Andrea Esuli
- When no one shows up (at first) : Navigating the uncertainties of participatory workshops in interdisciplinary research 338–346
  Monique Munarini

### MULTITTRUST 2025: The 4th International Workshop on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human-AI Team Trust

- MULTITTRUST 2025: The 4th International Workshop on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human-AI Team Trust (Preface) 347–348
  Myrthe Tielman, André Meyer-Vitali, Susanne Uusitalo, Alessandra Rossi, Raffaella Esposito
- Exploring the Influence of Human‑Likeness on Attributing Intentionality to Robot Errors 349–352
  Raffaella Esposito, Alessandra Rossi, Silvia Rossi

### SYNERGY 2025: Designing and Building Hybrid Human–AI Systems

- SYNERGY 2025: Designing and Building Hybrid Human–AI Systems (Preface) 353–356
  Tommaso Turchi, Alan Dix, Matt Roach, Alessio Malizia, Ben Wilson
- Methods to Effectively Communicate Verbal Probability Expressions in Human-AI Teams 357–365
  Christian Fleiner, Joost Vennekens
- Designing AI Systems that Preserve and Promote Human Creative Agency 366–374
  Eran Barak-Medina
- Everyday-Life Information-Seeking With AI: How Insights From ELIS Can Help Design Trustworthy AI Systems 375–382
  Andrea Beretta, Rebecca Guerrini
- A Hybrid Human-Centric approach to combining Rule-based and Attribute based Explanations 383–392
  Bahavathy Kathirgamanathan, Gennady Andrienko, Natalia Andrienko
- Maintaining Coherence in Explainable AI: Strategies for Consistency Across Time and Interaction 393–403
  Alan Dix, Tommaso Turchi, Ben Wilson, Alessio Malizia, Anna Monreale, Matt Roach
- An AI Act-Driven Design for Detecting Brain Tumors through Reconfiguration 404–411
  Antonio Curci, Andrea Esposito
- Melete: Validating the Creativity Support Index as a Metric for Evaluating the Integration of AI In Software Pipelines 412–426
  Sokol Murturi, Matthew Yee-King, Joseph Walton-Rivers, Michael James Scott, Marco Gillies
- Melete: Exploring the Components of Mixed-Initiative Artificial Intelligence Pipelines for Level Design 427–447
  Sokol Murturi, Tony Pellicone, Matthew Yee-King, Marco Gillies
- Melete: Play testing and 3D environments for Mixed Initiative Artificial Intelligence as a method for prototyping video game levels 448–476
  Sokol Murturi, Joseph Walton-Rivers, Michael James Scott
- Bayesian reasoning for overcoming over-reliance in AI-assisted decision making 477–486
  Daria Mikhaylova, Tommaso Turchi, Gustavo Cevolani, Alessio Malizia

### TCAI 2025: Trustworthy and Collaborative Artificial Intelligence Workshop

- TCAI 2025: Trustworthy and Collaborative Artificial Intelligence Workshop (Preface) 487–488
  Roberto Pellungrini, Andrea Pugnana, Burcu Sayin, Apoorva Singh, Bruno Lepri
- Task-Agnostic Experts Composition for Continual Learning 489–493
  Luigi Quarantiello, Andrea Cossu, Vincenzo Lomonaco
- MedSyn: Enhancing Diagnostics with Human-AI Collaboration 494–505
  Burcu Sayin, Ipek Baris Schlicht, Ngoc Vo Hong, Sara Allievi, Jacopo Staiano, Pasquale Minervini, Andrea Passerini
- Assessing human factors in AI adoption by employees: a composite questionnaire for subjective user evaluation 506–517
  Antonia Azzini, Ilaria Baroni, Irene Celino
- Downsides, Pitfalls, and Socio-Cultural Shortcomings of Human-AI Music Co-Creation 518–524
  António Correia
- The Future of Continual Learning in the Era of Foundation Models: Three Key Directions 525–548
  Jack Bell, Luigi Quarantiello, Eric Nuertey Coleman, Lanpei Li, Malio Li, Mauro Madeddu, Elia Piccoli, Vincenzo Lomonaco

2025-10-07: submitted by Davide Dell'Anna, metadata incl. bibliographic data published under Creative Commons CC0
2025-10-25: published on CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073) |valid HTML5|