WOA 2026
From Objects to Agents

Table of Contents

• Preface
  Summary: There were 60 papers submitted for peer-review to WOA 2026. Out of these, 42 papers were accepted for this volume.

Session 1: Agent-Based Modeling and Social Simulation

• A Methodological Exploration of Rule-Based and MLP-Based Agents in Agent-Based Modeling 3-21
  Lorenzo Gastaldo, Federico Carucci, Leonardo Mascagni, Francesco Bertolotti
• Trinity: A Situation-Aware Multi-Agent Framework for AI-Driven Data Journalism 22-36
  Adriano Biondi, Diego Borrelli, Federica Buono, Vincenzo Cimmelli, Giuseppe D’Aniello, Riccardo Di Dato, Roberto Falcone, Lidia Fotia, Rosario Gaeta, Lorenzo Muscariello, Debora Sarno
• Regime Mapping and Parameter Importance in Stochastic ABM of Behavioral Sink 37-50
  Federico Carucci, Leonardo Mascagni, Lorenzo Gastaldo, Luca Moroni, Francesco Bertolotti
• Measuring the Emergence of Urban Cohesion in Early Settlements: A Spatial Agent-Based Model 51-64
  Luca Pasquino, Niccolò Kadera, Leonardo Mascagni, Andrea Monoli, Francesco Bertolotti
• Emergent Kin-Based Behavior in LLM Artificial Societies: the Case of Sugarscape 65-82
  Luca Moroni, Matteo Prefumo, Samuele Astuti, Leonardo Mascagni, Francesco Bertolotti
• Hagrid: A Modular AI Pipeline for Cookieless User Profiling in Digital Publishing 83-97
  Luca Aliberti, Francesco Apicella, Martina Buttarelli, Luca Carrubbo, Camilla Murati, Davide Perfetto
• Adaptive Cooperation under Flood Risk: An Agent-Based Analysis of Informational Nudging 98-109
  Alessandro Sapienza, Rino Falcone

Session 2: Already Published / Non-original Contributions

Papers presented in this session were dissemination papers and are not included in this volume.

• Integrating JaCa-Unity in VEsNA for Behavioural Realistic VR Simulations
  Daniela Briola, Giuseppe Vizzari, Giuseppe Mirra, Andrea Gatti, Matteo Martini, Viviana Mascardi
• Testing BDI-based multi-agent systems using discrete event simulation
  Martina Baiardi, Samuele Burattini, Giovanni Ciatto, Danilo Pianini
• Robust Communication through Collective Adaptive Relay Schemes for Maritime Vessels
  Martina Baiardi, Danilo Pianini, Ghassan Al-Falouji, Sven Tomforde
• A Self-Stabilizing Min-Max Consensus via Path-loop Detection
  Angela Cortecchia, Danilo Pianini, Mirko Viroli
• FieldVMC: an asynchronous model and platform for self-organising morphogenesis of artificial structures
  Angela Cortecchia, Giovanni Ciatto, Roberto Casadei, Danilo Pianini
• AGE-ML: A Data-Centric, Specification-Driven Architecture for Agentic AutoML
  Mattia Matteini, Matteo Magnini, Matteo Francia, Roberto Casadei, Andrea Omicini
• Evolutionary System Prompt Optimization for LLM: Application to an Agent-Based Market Simulation
  Francesco Bertolotti, Ossama Zaroual

Session 3: LLM-based MAS and Agentic AI

• Strategic Amnesia in LLM Agents playing the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma 110-126
  Andrea Monoli, Sofia Sciangula, Mauro Mezzenzana, Giacomo Buonanno, Francesco Bertolotti
• Evaluating the Sensitivity of ABMs to Agents’ Decision Functions 127-140
  Andrea Agosta, Sofia Sciangula, Federico Carucci, Francesco Bertolotti
• Memory Design in LLM-based Multi-Agent Agenda Assistants: A Comparative Study 141-156
  Elia Capiluppi, Angelo Ferrando, Vadim Malvone, Vladana Perlic
• Modeling Multi-Agent LLM Debates Through Damped Ordinary Differential Equations 157-173
  Leonardo Mascagni, Andrea Agosta, Mauro Mezzenzana, Giacomo Buonanno, Francesco Bertolotti
• Beyond Accuracy: A Qualitative Error Analysis of SLM Agents in Multi-Hop QA 174-184
  Marcello Pelosi, Rajib Chandra Ghosh, Egidia Cirillo, Flora Amato

Session 4: NLP, RAG and Conversational Systems

• A Kinetic Analysis of the Impact of Message Loss in a Residual Gossip Protocol 185-203
  Simone Dallospedale, Federico Bergenti, Stefania Monica
• From Unstructured Heritage Texts to Validated Knowledge Graphs: A NLP-Ontology-LLM Pipeline with Ground-Truth-Free Evaluation 204-216
  Fabio Clarizia, Massimo De Santo, Pasquale Esposito, Rocco Loffredo, Benedetta Sabini
• Accelerating Constructed Language Design: A Method for LLM-Assisted Conlanging 217-232
  Matteo Cristani, Chiara Melloni
• Beyond Anachronism: A RAG-Based Framework for Historically Consistent Conversational Agents 233-247
  Fabio Clarizia, Pasquale Esposito, Annarita Giunto, Rocco Loffredo
• MIRAGE: A Multi-Agent, Multi-RAG, Architecture for Metaphor-Driven Advertising Narratives and Commercial Video Generation 248-258
  Antonio Lieto, Anjali Sneha Kujur

Session 5: Formal Methods, Logic and MAS Theory

• Bridging the Gap: An Executable Simulator for the L-DINF Epistemic Logic of Cooperative Agents 259-274
  Stefania Costantini, Lorenzo De Lauretis, Valentina Pitoni
• A Formal Theory of Orders in Complex Organizations: A Defeasible Deontic Approach 275-290
  Matteo Cristani
• Defining the Saliency of Agent Perceptions in CATALINA 291-306
  Massimo Cossentino, Giovanni Pilato, Guido Averna
• Abstracting a Multi-Agent Framework for Next-Generation Educational Systems 307-319
  Sirine Bouguettaya, Ouarda Zedadra, Amina Zedadra, Giancarlo Fortino
• RAVEN: Extending VEsNA with Region-Agnostic Reinforcement Learning for Interpretable BDI Navigation 320-339
  Zahra Daoui, Andrea Gatti, Angelo Ferrando, Viviana Mascardi

Session 6: Trustworthy, Neuro-Symbolic and Cognitive Agents

• Towards verifiable and trustworthy AI agents combining LLMs and classical agency 340-355
  Silvia Di Giulio, Luigi Troiano, Massimo Bertolotti, Genoveffa Tortora
• DALI2: Evolving a Logic-Based Agent Metainterpreter Towards Neuro-Symbolic Multi-Agent Systems 356-368
  Lorenzo De Lauretis, Giovanni De Gasperis, Stefania Costantini
• Trustworthy Multi-Agent Code Generation with Execution-Based Validation 369-382
  Nicola Capuano, Alberto Marmo, Pierluigi Ritrovato, Raffaele Solimeno
• Cognitive and Affective Trust in Human–Robot Interaction: Effects on Task Delegation 383-392
  Filippo Cantucci, Marco Marini, Rino Falcone
• Trustworthy Neuro-Symbolic Agents in Manufacturing: Bridging CAD and RAPID through Local LLMs and Multi-Agent Orchestration 393-408
  Alessandro Venaruzzo, Matteo Cristani

Session 7: Applied AI and Multi-Agent Systems for Real-World Challenges

• Resilient Multi-Agent Systems for Environmental Monitoring 409-424
  Egidia Cirillo, Alessandra Amato, Alberto Moccardi, Marcello Pelosi
• DangeRoads: Analysis of Road Accident News Articles in the Province of Parma 425-437
  Michele Tomaiuolo, Gianfranco Lombardo, Elena Azzi, Marcello Brianti, Doina Cauliuc, Federico Filice
• Prototype of a Conversational Agent for the Management of Recruitment Processes in the Public Sector 438-452
  Gloria Tamboroni, Federico Bergenti, Stefania Monica
• Decomposing the Task: A Framework for Static and Dynamic Decomposition in Multi-Agent Systems of Small Language Models 453-468
  Pasquale Miranda, Walter Balzano, Alberto Moccardi
• Enhancing VLM Perception Through Adaptive Super-Resolution: A Multi-Agent Feedback Approach 469-483
  Rajib Chandra Ghosh, Egidia Cirillo, Alberto Moccardi, Marcello Pelosi

Session 8: Perception, Reasoning and Intelligent Systems

• Diagnostic-Driven Selective Abstention in Agentic Pipelines: A Case Study on AVeriTeC Dataset 484-494
  Alberto Moccardi, Rajib Chandra Ghosh, Egidia Cirillo, Flora Amato
• A Multi-Agent System Architecture for Smart Pastoralism 4.0: Coordinating Robotic Shepherds, Drones, and IoT-Enabled Livestock 495-509
  Lorenzo De Lauretis, Tiziano Lombardi
• From Words to Meters: Eliciting Metric Spatial Knowledge in Vision-Language Models for Agent Perception 510-526
  Gianfranco Lombardo, Andrea Schianchi, Giuseppe Trimigno, Michele Tomaiuolo, Agostino Poggi
• From Black-Box to Physics-Aware Cognitive Agents: A Robust XAI Framework for Predictive Maintenance 527-542
  Alessandro Del Prete, Zahida Mashaallah, Flora Amato
• Emerging Trends in Multi-Agent Systems from an Evolutionary Perspective 543-558
  Paolo Pagliuca

Session 9: Agent Platforms, Middleware and Distributed Architectures

• The software Architecture of FMOS: a Formal model enabled Multi agent Operating System for distributed real-time Agentic applications in IoT 559-574
  Flora Amato, Francesco Moscato
• Engineering Information Protocols into Multi-Agent Platforms: a JADE-based Realization 575-589
  Matteo Baldoni, Cristina Baroglio, Elisa Marengo, Roberto Micalizio, Stefano Tedeschi
• Dynamic Team Formation for Mobile Edge Computing in IoT-Enabled Vehicular Networks 590-603
  Fabrizio Messina, Domenico Rosaci, Giuseppe M. L. Sarné
• When Multi-Agent Systems Meet Digital Twin 604-616
  Pasquale Rubino, Sirine Bouguettaya, Vincenzo Barbuto, Claudio Savaglio, Giancarlo Fortino
• A Symbolic Decision Framework for Multi-Agent 3D Simulation 617-634
  Corrado Santoro, Federico Fausto Santoro